| Kaleici : Today the
historical old city of Antalya known as Kaleici (the
inner castle) is surrounded by two walls, most of which
have fallen down. The inner wall encloses the harbour in
a semicircle. As a result of restoration, Kaleici has
turned into a major tourist centre with guest-houses,
bars, shops and restaurants, and the Roman harbour has
been turned into a modern, well-equipped marina. As a
result of the restoration work, the Ministry of Tourism
was awarded the Golden Apple (Tourism Oscar) in April
1984 by FIJET.
Antalya Museum : Founded in 1922 by Suleyman
Fikri Erten and housed first in the Alaaddin Mosque in
the old city and then in the Yivli Minaret, the museum
was later moved to its current location 2 km further
east. The museum consists of 12 exhibition rooms and its
gardens and open galleries. In these halls the history
of Antalya is given in chronological order, starting
with fossils, through the Stone and Bronze ages, then
through the classical and Hellenistic periods. There are
mosaics, the Gallery of the Gods, Phrygian ornaments,
and a room with Christian art that includes pieces of
the skull and jawbone of St Nicholas, the original Santa
Claus. The ethnography section has a collection of Iznik
ceramics, household implements and weapons. Museum
Tel:(+90-242) 238 56 88-89
The City Walls : What remains today are a few
bastions inside the city as well as Hadrian's Gate and
its towers, the large tower facing the harbour and a few
pieces of the harbour walls. One of the walls surrounds
the yacht harbour and the other the city, almost like
horseshoe. One of the remaining towers in the Castle
Gate Square is now used as a clock tower. There are four
gates in the city walls, which form entrances to the
city.
Hadrian's
Gate : The only city gate to have survived until the
present day is the most attractive of the Pamphylia:
Uckapilar (Three Gates), also known as Hadrian's Gate,
which is guarded by one tower on either side. Built to
honour the emperor Hadrian's visit to the city in 130
AD, the whole gate, except for the columns, is made of
pure white marble. The reliefs and carvings are
extraordinary.
Old Houses of Antalya : With its hot summers
and mild winters, the houses in Antalya are designed to
provide protection not against the chill of winter but
against the merciless heat of summer. The stone
overhangs and courtyards help provide air circulation.
The houses in Antalya can be divided into three types
based upon the design of the main hall, which also
serves as a storage area. The three types are I halls, L
halls and U halls. In the design of these houses, great
attention was paid to meeting the necessities of daily
life, while also providing harmony with nature and the
environment.
Perge
: Situated 18 km east of Antalya, Perge is in the
city limits of Aksu Bucagi. Because of its location on
the Cilicia - Pisidia road, it was a vital part of the
province of Pamphylia, and was founded around the same
time as the other cities in the area (7th century BC).
It was an important city for Christians of Perge who had
worshipped the mother goddess Artemis. St. Paul and
Barnabas visited the city and wealthy benefactors like
Magna Plancia had a number of important memorials built
here.
The first excavations began in 1946 by Istanbul
University and they resulted in many important
discoveries: The theatre consists of three main sections:
the seating, orchestra and stage. It held 12,000
spectators, with 19 rows of seats on the lower section,
23 on the top section, and a 52-metre stage.
The stadium measures 34 square metres, with 13 rows
of seats on top of the vaults. The eastern and western
sides have 30 vaults each and the northern side has 10.
For every three vaults there is an entrance to the
stadium, and the other two were used as shops.
The Agora was the commercial and political centre of
the city, with shops surrounding the central courtyard,
some of which have mosaics on the floor. The agora
measured 76 square metres, with a circular structure in
the centre with a diameter of 13.40 metres.
The colonnaded boulevard lies between the Hellenistic
Gate and the nympheum on the slopes of the acropolis. On
both sides of the street, 20 metres in width, are
porticoes, some up to five meters high, behind which are
shops. The street is divided into two by a 2-metre wide
water canal running through the middle.
Other structures include the necropolis, city walls,
gymnasium, Roman Baths, memorial fountain and the Greek
and Roman gates.
Termessos : The ruined city of Termessos,
lying 34km west of Antalya in a rugged mountain valley,
was founded by the Solymi people, from the interior of
Anatolia. Among the important remains are the 4200-seat
theatre and the Roman stele that Augustus had built at
the beginning of the first century AD. The Odeon, the
covered meeting hall, has seating for 600 people. The
five inter-connecting underground cisterns were used for
the storage of water and olive oil.
Other important remains include the Agora, with an
open western side and other sides colonnaded; the heroic
memorial of Hereon on top of a 6-metre high platform;
the Corinthian-style temple, the Temple of Zeus, the
Lesser and Greater Temples of Artemis, the gymnasium and
the watch towers. In addition, there are more than 1200
rock tombs.
Olympos
: Lying between Kemer and Adrasan is the ancient
harbour village of Cirali, the ruins of Olympos and the
site of the Chimaera. The history of Olympos dates back
to the 2nd century BC when it was an important Lycian
city, although it was empty by the 6th century. The
Olympians worshipped Hephaestos (Vulcan) the god of
fire, probably connected to the eternal flame, or
Chimaera, which still emerges from the mountain. Known
also as Yanartas (burning stone), the flame is caused by
the burning of natural gas emerging from the mountain.
Apart from the ruins, Olympos is well known for its
simple treehouse camps, where most tourists stay, and a
natural environment thanks to forests and vineyards near
to a beautiful beach.
Ariassos : The ancient remains of Ariassos,
around 50km from Antalya, are located on a slope and
contain baths and rock tombs.
Phaselis
: On the coast, 60km south of Antalya, Phaselis was
founded by the Rhodians in the 7th century BC, and was
known as the most important seaport in Eastern Lycia. On
the west of the city is Hadrian's Gate, with shops and
baths on either side. The city is accessible both by
road and sea.
Limyra : Believed to have been in existence
since the 5th century, Limyra is still in existence
despite a massive earthquake in the mid 19th century
although was emptied in the 7th and 9th centuries after
the Arab invasions. The city, which is 11km south,
composes of three section; the acropolis, areas of
settlement, and necropolis.
Arycanda : Excavations of this city reveal
that it probably existed from the 5th century BC, and
controlled much of the Arycanda valley. Having survived
a destructive earthquake in 240 AD, the city maintained
its prominence until the 11th century, and its most
important structures still survive today.
Demre
(Myra) : Demre was one of the most important cities
of the Lycian civilisation. 25km west of Finike and 48km
east of Kas, Demre was a place of settlement from the
5th century BC. The city was deserted in 9 A.D after the
invasions of the Arabs. Rock tombs, theatres and the
Church of St. Nicholas (said to be the original Santa
Claus) are the most interesting sites in the town today.
Simena (Kale) : Receiving its beauty from its
history, sea and sun, Simena is accessible from Ucagiz.
The submerged city and the ancient remains at the
opposite island of Kekova island, make it a worthwhile
trip. There are traces of Roman and other civilisations
in Simena, the history of which dates back to Lycian
civilisation. There is a small theatre carved into the
rock, and Roman city walls.
Side:
Manavgat-Side
Aspendos: The ancient city, 48km east of
Antalya, is most famous for its theatre, probably the
best preserved in Asia Minor. It is still in use today,
and stages the annual Aspendos Opera and Ballet Festival
every summer. It was the scene of a huge bloody battle
between the Persians and the Greeks in 469 BC, and then
ruled by the Spartans 120 years later. The city became
part of the Seleucid kingdom after the death of
Alexander the Great, and then became part of the Roman
province of Asia in 133 BC.
The famous theatre was built in the 2nd century AD,
using a Roman design, and it is still intact. Ataturk
was responsible for much of the restoration, who after
visiting it declared that it should be used as a theatre
rather than simply a museum.
In addition to the theatre, there is an acropolis on
a hilltop, of which the nymphaeum and basilica are still
fairly intact.
Opening hours: Summer 08.00 - 19.00; Winter 08.00 -
17.30.
Serik İlçesi-Aspendos
Kekova : It is between Kaş-Demre. It is an
ancient submerged city 500 m far from the Üçağız Village
in Mediterranean.
Patara
: It is on Kalkan-Fethiye road,nearly 10 km before
Kalkan and is located at the south.. The colorful
ceramics in the center of the city reveal that the
history of the city reaches back to 5 B.C. Besides its
being the birth place of St. Nicholas,it was one of the
most important seaports during the times of Alexander
the Great. Three gated city walls,one of which leads to
Patara, was constructed by the governor Modestus in 110
. One of the most important remnants is the theater
currently buried under the crystal clear sandy beaches
of Patara.
Xanthos
: Founded on the Xanthos river basin,Xanthos is the
biggest and the most ancient city of Lycia. Having being
remained independent till the invasions of the Persians
in 4292 B.C,Xanthos tried hard to defend against the
invasions;however, upon realizing the remote victory the
people of Xanthos first murdered their women then
commited suicide as a whole.Afterwards 80 family
imigrating to the region refounded the city but
approximately 100 years later the city was totally
destroyed by a great fire. Reesatblished city
thenceforth strengtened its connection with west and
became an important center.Still the city can not be
saved from misfortune. Upon resisting to the taxes of
the Roman Brutus, the city was ruined and the people
were dragged into war. And Xanthos became the city of
catastrophe.
The city was founded around center of Lycia and
outside it were the remnants of Roman city center. Roman
theater and the findings at the west side of the theater
still attracts the visitors. Harpy memorial on the rocks
is one of the most important traces. Only the
duplication of the work of art, the original of which is
on exhibit in British Museum in England,can be seen in
the region.
Kaş (Antiphellos) : One of the Lycian towns,Kaş
took its name from the Greek word "Phellos" meaning
stony place. With its well preserved rock tombs and
theater, Kaş is a wonderful town on the Mediterranean
coast. |